Preparedness#
Always:#
- have designated roles and specific assigned duties for all staff members
- have contact information for emergency medical services (EMS)
- have contact information for patient’s physician
- know the patient’s medical history
- have 100% oxygen available
- ensure that emergency equipment is properly functioning
- ensure that emergency medication is available and not beyond the expiration date
Common Actions#
- discontinue dental treatment
- assess responsiveness
- position patient to ease breathing
- evaluate breathing, airway and circulation
- monitor blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate
- inspect the pupils of the eyes:
- constricted pupils – possible drug overdose
- unequal pupils – possible stroke
- dilated pupils – possible shock
Airways, Breathing, Circulation (ABC) intervention for:#
- Overdose
- Trauma
- Altered mental status
- Diabetic emergencies
- Respiratory failure
- Airway obstruction
- Respiratory Distress
Circulation, Airways, Breathing (CAB) intervention for:#
Supplemental oxygen#
- 4 L/min oxygen via nasal cannulae in patients who are not critically ill and life-threatening hypoxaemia is not suspected.
- 5-10 L/min via simple face mask or 15 L/min through a reservoir mask in patients who are critically ill or in whom life-threatening hypoxaemia. Do not keep patients on 15L for longer than necessary as over-oxygenating for prolonged periods can be harmful.
Information provided to emergency medical systems (EMS)#
- Differential diagnosis
- Patient's demographic information
- Present medical status - vital sign/signs/symptoms
- Exact time when the medical emergency occurred.
- Intervention provided in the dental clinic, including any medication.
- Exact address and telephone number of the dental clinic.
References/Websites#